Belur Math
The Belur Math was constructed on 14th January
1938. Swami Vivekananda was the linchpin behind its construction.
He patronized the growth and development of the 'Math' or
abbey since 1898. The architecture amalgamates within itself
a unique specimen of fraternity.
Swami Vivekananda used to reside in a two storeyed house
inside the Math on the bank of the river Ganga. Swami breathed
his last on 4th July, 1902. His cenotaph lies within the Math.
His commodities are carefully preserved in his room and exhibited
to the people.
The mission has also provided other things such as an art
college, an industrial school and charitable dispensary.
Sri Ramakrishna Museum
The other tourists attractions that you can explore during
your tour to Belur Math is Sri Ramakrishna Museum, set up
with the assistance of the National Council of Science Museum.
Birla Mandir Birla Mandir, Kolkata is located
on Ashutosh Chowdhury Avenue, which is the latest addition
to the city's list of tourists spot.
Built over twenty- two years of painstaking labour, it is
an all marble structure with very high quality Rajasthani
engravings. The total cost incurred for the construction was
Rs. 180 million. Spread over an area of 44-katha land and
extending to a height of 160 feet, the temple has been modeled
on the Lingaraj Temple at Bhubaneshwar, popularly known as
Laxmi Narayan temple. This marvelous and imposing structure
in white, attracts huge crowds everyday and is one of the
best fascinating tourist spot of Kolkata.
The gates were opened to the public in 1996. Sandstone has
been used on the exterior of the temple, and marble for the
interiors. Traditional artistry, coupled with modern technology,
has lent uniqueness to the architecture. Sculptors were brought
in from Agra, Mirzapur and Muzaffarpur to execute the intricate
patterns on the walls. There are artefacts made of silver
and Belgian glass. Messages from the Bhagavad Gita have been
carved on marble. Inside this 48.7-m. high temple are idols
of Radha, Krishna, Shiva and Durga.
Thanthania Kalibari
Thanthania Kalibari is situated in Shyam Bazar, as you go
towards Shyambazar via Bidhan Sarani you can see this temple
to your left. Opinions differ about the date of construction
of Thanthania Kalibari. Some say it was built in 1703 whereas
some regard it as 1803. On the stone structure in the temple
wall is inscribed, '1110' (Bengali calendar). Going by this,
the date of the foundation of the temple should be 1703 according
to English calendar.
This temple was built by Sankar Ghosh. The deity is worshipped
as Siddheswari Mata'. The temple has an idol of the Mother
Goddess. The image is of clay and is renovated every year.
It is very popular tourists spot which attracts a lot of people
from all over the world.
Nearby Attraction
IIf you are planning to visit at Thanthania Kalibari you must
visit its nearby spot Shiva temple. Nearby, on Gourmohan Mukherji
St, stands the house where Swami Vivekananda was born.
Armenian Church Built in 1764, designed in
the early 18th century, the Armenian Church is today the oldest
extant church in Kolkata. The interiors of the church are
decorated with marble, and the overhead gallery contains mural
tablets. The altar has a cross, the gospels and 12 candlesticks
symbolizing Christ and his Apostles. There is a staircase
leading to an overhead gallery whose walls are full of mural
tablets. Three oil paintings - 'The Holy Trinity', 'The Last
Supper' and 'The Enshrouding of Our Lord' - by the English
artist A E Harris also adorn the altar. Remains of the Armenian
cemetery can be seen in the premises.
Armenian Church is located in Armenian Street, at the north-west
corner of Barabazaar, near Howrah Bridge in Kolkata. Built
in 1764, designed in the early 18th century, the Armenian
Church is today the oldest extant church in Kolkata. The interiors
of the church are decorated with marble, and the overhead
gallery contains mural tablets. The altar has a cross, the
gospels and 12 candlesticks symbolizing Christ and his Apostles.
There is a staircase leading to an overhead gallery whose
walls are full of mural tablets. Three oil paintings - 'The
Holy Trinity', 'The Last Supper' and 'The Enshrouding of Our
Lord' - by the English artist A E Harris also adorn the altar.
Remains of the Armenian cemetery can be seen in the premises.
Some opine that this is the oldest Church in Calcutta. The
Armenians have been staying in India since remote antiquity.
The Armenians claim to have arrived in India before the British.
They also claim to have been the forerunners to be converted
into Christianity in the European continent. On 22nd June,
1688, the East India Co. had entered into a contract with
the Armenians in Europe. Sir Josia Child on behalf of the
East India Co. and Khoja Sarhad along with Khoja Phanoosh
on behalf of the Armenians, signed the contract. As per the
contract, the East India Co. was supposed to construct a church
in all corners of India where a minimum of 40 Armenians would
inhabit. The former would also grant 50 pounds to the appointed
priest as his remuneration.
In 1690, Job Charnock came to Calcutta for the last time.
After 17 years, the East India Co. built a tiny wooden church
at the south-eastern wing of the present Armenian Church.
A different opinion suggests that an Armenian named Aga Nazar
had collected funds painstakingly and constructed this church.
In 1734, this church was built by Aga Mamed Hazaar Maliyar.
The interior decoration of the church was done by Katchik
Arfiel. He was of Armenian origin. He built residential abodes
for the priests and erected high wall around the cemetery.
He also donated the wonderful church clock.
St. John's Church
Located south to the B.B.D. Bag, St. John's Church is one
of the oldest churches of Kolkata.
St. John's Church was built by the grave of Job Charnock,
the founder of Kolkata (Calcutta). It was constructed between
1884-1887, popularly known as the 'stone church'.
This was constructed following the Greek architectural pattern
at a cost of Rs. 2 lakhs. The floor of the church was made
with stones obtained from Ganda. Stones were also obtained
from Chunar. The stone tower is 174 ft. high. Job Charnock
was buried here. His sculpture was made by his son-in-law
Sir Charles Ayar around 1695. The sculpture is a unique specimen
of art. There is a dome with a pitcher appended to it. There
are also the tombs of the daughters of Charnock. Au reste,
there are the sculptures of British Admiral Watson who subjugated
Calcutta in 1757, Lord Brabourne, Lady Canning and several
distinguished persons.
The obelisk commemorating the black hole was moved from near
the GPO to a corner of this graveyard. It is the earliest
example of British masonry in India. Near the west wall is
a replica of the Holwell Monument - originally erected at
the site of the Black Hole of Calcutta. Inside the church
there are the famous paintings of The Last Supper by John
Zoffany, a marvellous stained glass window and memorial tablets
of prominent citizens through the ages. The Sunday service
is held regularly at the church.
Kalighat Temple
The original temple was a small hut. A small temple was constructed
by King Manasingha in the early Sixteenth century. The present
temple was built in 1809 on the site of an ancient temple.Located
in the city of Kolkata on the banks of the river Hooghly (Bhagirathi),
it is popularly known as Kalighat. There is a theory that
the name Kalikata anglicised into Calcutta and is derived
from the temple at Kalighat.
The temple at Kalighat as a place of worship for the Sakti
cultists was set up by the Sabarna Roy Choudhurys, A famous
Brahmin Zamindar family of Barisa in the district of 24 Parganas.
This family was one of the foremost Brahmin families in Bengal
and still continues to be very highly regarded for the various
contributions to the cultural development of Bengal. Different
branches of the Sabarna Roy Choudhurys had settled themselves
at other villages, namely, Halisahar, portions of Calcutta,
Baruipur, etc.
It is believed that the swirling wheel of Lord Vishnu had
sliced off the corpse of Goddess Sati, when Lord Shiva was
performing his menacing dance (Pralay) with her on his shoulders,
in a fit of tremendous rage. The slices of her body fell at
different places which later turned into pilgrimage centers
for the devout Hindus. Kalighat is one such sacred spot where
a toe of the Goddess's right foot is believed to have dropped.
In the months of Bhadra, Paush and Chaitra (according to Bengali
calendar), Kalighat turns into a confluence of devout Bengali
and non-Bengali pilgrims.
Scientist, Dr. A. Sarkar of University of Northedam, Indiana,
USA sent a message which says ' I never believed in myths
and had never any trust on Gods and Goddess till i had my
wife miraculously got back her life after our first child
birth and both survived beyond's doctor's imaginations from
the claws of death. Surely there is some power Supreme, somewhere
to do and undo nything in this mortal world. We are to get
touch of that power through the blessings of that Allmighty.
For me the Nirmalya from Kalighat did that marvel, a miracle
above all science any human can think over'.
The pujas and other festivals of light, crackers and colorful
processions connected with Navarathri celebrations are hallmarks
and highlights of the festivals conducted in honour of Goddess
Kali. This temple of Mother Kali is one of the 52 Shakthi
Peetams in India and does known for her aggressive yet love
nature. Apart from the divine power of the residing deity,
the temple has long been famous for its fine examples of terracotta
art, though a lot of it has been ravaged by time.
The idol of Goddess Kali is made of black stone and decorated
with gold and silver. The one of Lord Shiva is in silver.
The goddess is offered a ceremonial bath every year on the
snan-yatra day, the rituals being performed by the head priest.
Kali represents the destructive side of Siva's consort and
demands daily sacrifices; therefore in the morning goats have
their throats slit here to satisfy the goddess's bloodlust.
During the day many poor people come here for a free feed.
Kalighat is also associated with the worship offered to Kaali
by a Dasanami Monk by name Chowranga Giri, and the Chowringee
area of Kolkata is said to have been named after him. Kalighat
kali temple is always over crowded with devotees from all
over the world.
The Dakshineswar Kaali temple across from the river, near
Belur Math, bears an image of Kaali worshipped by the spiritual
leader Ramakrishna Paramahamsa, guru of Swami Vivekananda.
Nakuleshwar Mandir
The Nakuleshwar Mandir is in front of the Kali temple. Built
in 1805, the temple was founded by Tara Singh, a Punjabi merchant.
Kalighat started to gain prominence simultaneously with the
growth and development of Calcutta. During this time, an indigenous
canvas art emerged in Kalighat. It became popular as 'Kalighat
Pot' (canvas art of Kalighat).
Hospital for the Dying Destitute
The Hospital for the Dying Destitute by Mother Teresa is near
the temple, where the Missionaries' important work can be
observed first-hand. The temple and hospital are 2km (1.2mi)
southeast of the zoo.
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