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Kolkata Race Course
Built in 1820 and was organised by the Royal
Turf Club. Calcutta Race Course is one of the largest race
courses in the country. Many important and prestigious racing
events are held here regularly.The most important races are
Queen Elizabeth Cup & the Calcutta Derby. Apart from horse
races, this ground was also used for playing polo.
Time of Race
The horse race starts in the month of July and continues till
September. It starts again in November and concludes in March.
The race is generally held on Saturdays. However, it is also
held on important holidays and some special occasion.
Maidan and Fort William
The Maidan, located in the middle of Calcutta,
is one of the largest city parks in the world. It is 1km wide
and 3km from north to south. It is bound by Strand Rd along
the river to the west and by Chowringhee Rd, lined with shops,
offices, hotels and eating places, to the east. The stream
known as Tolly's Nullah forms its southern boundary, and here
you will find a racecourse and the Victoria Memorial. In the
north-west corner of the Maidan is Eden Gardens, while Raj
Bhavan overlooks it from the north. Running along the west
side of the park is the Hooghly River, and on the east side
is Jawaharlal Nehru Rd (Chowringhee Rd).
Fort William is situated on the east bank of the river Hooghly
and was named after King William III of England. It was constructed
in 1781 after the unfortunate happenings of 1756 in which
many British soldiers with their families were killed by Siraj-Ud-Daula.
Large area around the village of Govindpur was cleared off
the forests and this fort was constructed, which for some
time also lent its name to the city. The fort is still in
use and it can only be visited with special permission, which
is hard to get. Even the trenches and deep fortifications
surrounding the fort's massive walls seem to be out of bounds.
It was built with a cost of 2 million. The Fort is a brick-and-mortar
structure built in the shape of an irregular octagon surrounding
5 square km of which five sides look landward and three on
the river, surrounded by a fosse 9 meter deep and 15 meter
broad which can be flooded in times of emergency. There are
six gates Chowringhee, Plassey Calcutta, Water gate St Georges
and Treasury Gate. A telephone office, recreation club, canteen,
cinema hall, restaurant, swimming pool and wide moat surround
it. For the tourist, there is a museum housing arms and armours,
swords, muskets and machine guns. Another section has photographs
of the Burma campaign and of the Bangladesh Liberation War.
The Arsenal inside is worth visiting with a prior permission
required from the Commanding Officer.
Writer's Building
Writer's Building is situated in BBD Bag, Kolkata.
A massive red building was originally built as a residence
for the British East India Company's clerical and administrative
staff called as writers, hence the name Writers' building.
This building summarises the political revolution of Bengal.
The Chief Minister's office is also located in this building.
Kolkata's present Writers' Building was first started as early
as 1690. Within the periphery of the old fort, the junior
writers or clerks of the East India Company used to stay in
mud hovels. So it came to be known as the 'Writers' Building'.
On 25th June, 1695, these hovels were destroyed by a tempest.
Then, the second Writers' Building was constructed inside
the old fort. In 1706, the new one-storeyed brick-built building
was built. The other Writers' Building stood at the place
where the G.P.O. or Fairly Place stand today.
The basic works of today's Writers' Building popularly known
as 'Mahakaran' was completed in 1780. Then later, Barwell,
the friend of Hastings and a member of the Committee, became
the owner of this house. His children, handed over it to a
trustee board which in turn was again rented to the Company.
The Britons started using this house as private business and
for fun and frolics. So the Company began to impose many restrictions
on them which resultantly made the house vacant. In fact,
the Fort William College of Kolkata was also established here
in 1800. The College was however shifted from there in 1830.
Later in 1836, Lord Bentinck prohibited the indiscriminate
use of the house for private affairs. Between 1877 - 1882,
Lt. Governor Ashley Eden founded the linchpin of the Government
Department at this place. The present gigantic building covers
2.8 acres of land. It is 235 yards in width. A cluster of
thirteen four-storeyed buildings, the 'Mahakaran' stands on
10 acres of land. Today, at least 6000 employees work here.
National Library
The National Library, India is the largest library in the
country. Housed in the former residence of the Lieutenant
Governor of Bengal, the library contains almost 2 million
books and nearly half a million documents. It is an institution
of National importance under the 'Department of Culture, Ministry
of Tourism & Culture, Government of India'. The library
is designated to collect, disseminate and preserve the printed
material produced in the country, attracts almost a thousand
readers every day. According to popular belief, this building
was not built by the British. Azim - Us-Shaan is believed
to have constructed it in 1700 A.D. After the Battle of Plassey,
Vanceytart got charge of this Bhawan. He was an Italian who
named this mammoth building 'Belvedierre'. The word connotes
'the queen of beauty'. Lady Hastings was also the owner of
this house for a short while. He sold it to Major Tulley in
1780, The modern day 'Tollygunge' in Calcutta bears memoirs
of Major Tulley. However, this building was put to auction
after the demise of Major Tulley in 1802. In 1850, the Govt.
took charge of this palatial house. Some believe that Nawab
Meer Zaffar had once stayed in Belvedierre Bhawan.
The library has separate Indian language division for Assamese,
Bengali, Gujarati, Hindi, Kannada, Kashmiri, Malayalam, Marathi,
Oriya, Punjabi, Sanskrit, Sindhi, Tamil, Telugu and Urdu Languages.
Sanskrit language division also collects and process Pali
and Prakrit books. English books published in India are also
collected under D.B. Act.
Around 18 thousand readers daily gather to accumulate knowledge
on various subjects. The collection comprises about 20,00,000
books and 5,00,000 manuscripts. Its gigantic campus encompasses
130 acres of land. At present, the National Library is the
2nd largest public library in Asia for which several notable
persons have donated their invaluable collections at different
times. Sadar-Ud-ddin, the Zaminder of Buhor, Sir Ashutosh
Mukherjee, Surendra Nath Sen etc. are some famous donors.
These have added to the value and content of books in this
prestigious institution.
Saheed Minar
The enchanting Saheed Minar of Kolkata is
made on similar lines of famous Qutub Minar of Delhi and forms
an important landmark of Kolkata. Popularly known as the Octerloney
Monument, the minar was built in 1848 by Sir David Ochterlony
to commemorate his victory in the Nepal War (1814-1816).
The construction of the monument encompasses an architectural
variety. The foundation followed an Egyptian style whereas
the body of the Minar and the dome resembled Syrian and Turkish
designs respectively. The Minar is 158 ft. High with two balconies
at the top. One can reach the balcony by using the serpentile
staircase. 198 stairs lead from the bottom to the first balcony.
From here 25 more stairs lead to the second balcony.
It was named Sahid Minar in 1969 in the memory of the brave
patriots who sacrified their lives for the freedom of India.
Different political parties convene meetings, rallies and
seminars behind the Shahid Minar at present.
The custom of convening political seminars started in 1931
when a historical convocation took place here which was presided
by Rabindranath Tagore. The humanitarian poet had severely
condemned the vandalism of the imperialist British Government
which had shot a youth dead in the Calabooze in Hizli. Few
years ago, the dome of the 'Minar' was coloured which kicked
off a storm of protest.
From the top of the Minar a good view of the city can be
obtained but permission to ascend the tower has to be taken
from the police headquarters in Lal Bazaar.
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